Jumat, 16 November 2012

CHORD GUITAR GREEN DAY~21 GUNS

CHORD GUITAR GREEN DAY~21 GUNS

Intro: Dm - A# - F - C (x2)

Verse:
Dm A# F C
Do you know what's worth fighting for,
Dm A# F C
When it's not worth dying for?
Dm A# F C
Does it take your breath away
A# C
And you feel yourself suffocating?
Dm A# F C
Does the pain weigh out the pride?
Dm A# F C
And you look for a place to hide?
Dm A# F C
Did someone break your heart inside?
A# C5
You're in ruins

Chorus:
F5 C5* D5
One, 21 guns
C5 A#5
Lay down your arms
F5 C5
Give up the fight
F5 C5* D5
One, 21 guns
C5 A#5 F5 C5
Throw up your arms into the sky,
A#5 F5 C5
You and I

Verse:
Dm A# F C
When you're at the end of the road
Dm A# F C
And you lost all sense of control
Dm A# F C
And your thoughts have taken their toll
A# C
When your mind breaks the spirit of your soul
Dm A# F C
Your faith walks on broken glass
Dm A# F C
And the hangover doesn't pass
Dm A# F C
Nothing's ever built to last
A# C5
You're in ruins.

Chorus:
F5 C5* D5
One, 21 guns
C5 A#5
Lay down your arms
F5 C5
Give up the fight
F5 C5* D5
One, 21 guns
C5 A#5 F5 C5
Throw up your arms into the sky,
A#5 F5 C5
You and I

Bridge:
Dm A# F C
Did you try to live on your own
Dm A# F A
When you burned down the house and home?
Dm A# F A
Did you stand too close to the fire?
A#m C
Like a liar looking for forgiveness from a stone

Solo:
F5 - C5* - D5 - C5 - A#5 - F5 - C5 (x2)

A#5 - F5 - E5

Break:
Dm - A# - F - C (x2)

Verse:
Dm A# F C
When it's time to live and let die
Dm A# F C
And you can't get another try
Dm A# F C
Something inside this heart has died
A# C5
You're in ruins.

Chorus:
F5 C5* D5
One, 21 guns
C5 A#5
Lay down your arms
F5 C5
Give up the fight
F5 C5* D5
One, 21 guns
C5 A#5 F5 C5
Throw up your arms into the sky
F5 C5* D5
One, 21 guns
C5 A#5
Lay down your arms
F5 C5
Give up the fight
F5 C5* D5
One, 21 guns
C5 A#5 F5 C5
Throw up your arms into the sky,
A#5 F5 C5
You and I


Sabtu, 03 November 2012

VOCABULARY PART OF BODY AND SHAPES

VOCABULARY PART OF BODY










 




Part of Body :

- Head : Kepala                             - Thigh : Paha
- Forehead : Dahi                          - Calf : Betis
- Jaw : Rahang                               - Heel : Tumit
- Cheek : Pipi                                - Ankle : Mata Kaki
- Chin : Dagu                                 - Foot : Kaki
- Neck : Leher                               - Toes : Jari Kaki
- Shoulders : Bahu                          - Eye : Mata
- Arm : Lengan                               - Ear : Telinga
- Elbow : Sikut                               - Nose : Hidung
- Wrist : Pergelangan tangan        - Teeth : Gigi
- Hand : Tangan                             - Tongue : Lidah
- Fingers : Jari                                - Mouth : mulut
- Thumb : Ibu jari                           - etc
- Chest : Dada
- Spine : Tulang Belakang
- Abdomen : Perut
- Hip : Pinggul
- Buttocks : Bokong
- Leg : Kaki
- Knee : Lutut




VOCABULARY OF SHAPES













PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
FORM

[has/have + past participle]

Examples:
(+) You have seen that movie many times.
(?) Have you seen that movie many times?
(-) You have not seen that movie many times. 

(+) I have traveled.
(?) Have I traveled?
(-) I have not traveled.


USE 1 Unspecified Time Before Now




       We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.

Examples:
- I have seen that movie twenty times.
- I think I have met him once before.
- There have been many earthquakes in California.
- People have traveled to the Moon.
- People have not traveled to Mars.
- Have you read the book yet?
- Nobody has ever climbed that mountain. 
Santi : Has there ever been a war in the United States?
Coni : Yes, there has been a war in the United States.


How Do You Actually Use the Present Perfect?
         The concept of "unspecified time" can be very confusing to English learners. It is best to associate Present Perfect with the following topics:

TOPIC 1 Experience
        You can use the Present Perfect to describe your experience. It is like saying, "I have the experience of..." You can also use this tense to say that you have never had a certain experience. The Present Perfect is NOT used to describe a specific event.

Examples:
- I have been to France.
- This sentence means that you have had the experience of being in France. Maybe you have been there once, or several times.
- I have been to France three times.
- You can add the number of times at the end of the sentence.
- I have never been to France.
- This sentence means that you have not had the experience of going to France.
- I think I have seen that movie before.
- He has never traveled by train.
- Joan has studied two foreign languages.
Anna : Have you ever met him?
Bayu : No, I have not met him.

TOPIC 2 Change Over Time
        We often use the Present Perfect to talk about change that has happened over a period of time.

Examples:
- You have grown since the last time I saw you.
- The government has become more interested in arts education.
- Japanese has become one of the most popular courses at the university since the Asian studies program was established.
- My English has really improved since I moved to Australia.

TOPIC 3 Accomplishments
         We often use the Present Perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity. You cannot mention a specific time.

Examples:
- Man has walked on the Moon.
- Our son has learned how to read.
- Doctors have cured many deadly diseases.
- Scientists have split the atom.

TOPIC 4 An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting
          We often use the Present Perfect to say that an action which we expected has not happened. Using the Present Perfect suggests that we are still waiting for the action to happen.

Examples:
- James has not finished his homework yet.
- Susan hasn't mastered Japanese, but she can communicate.
- Bill has still not arrived.
- The rain hasn't stopped.

TOPIC 5 Multiple Actions at Different Times
          We also use the Present Perfect to talk about several different actions which have occurred in the past at different times. Present Perfect suggests the process is not complete and more actions are possible.

Examples:
- The army has attacked that city five times.
- I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester.
- We have had many major problems while working on this project.
- She has talked to several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is sick.


Time Expressions with Present Perfect
         When we use the Present Perfect it means that something has happened at some point in our lives before now. Remember, the exact time the action happened is not important.





           Sometimes, we want to limit the time we are looking in for an experience. We can do this with expressions such as: in the last week, in the last year, this week, this month, so far, up to now, etc.




Examples:
- Have you been to Mexico in the last year?
- I have seen that movie six times in the last month.
- They have had three tests in the last week.
- She graduated from university less than three years ago. She has worked for three different companies so far.
- My car has broken down three times this week.

NOTICE
            "Last year" and "in the last year" are very different in meaning. "Last year" means the year before now, and it is considered a specific time which requires Simple Past. "In the last year" means from 365 days ago until now. It is not considered a specific time, so it requires Present Perfect.

Examples:
- I went to Mexico last year.
- I went to Mexico in the calendar year before this one.
- I have been to Mexico in the last year.
- I have been to Mexico at least once at some point between 365 days ago and now.

USE 2 Duration From the Past Until Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)




          With Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Present Perfect to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect.

Examples:
- I have had a cold for two weeks.
- She has been in England for six months.
- Mary has loved chocolate since she was a little girl.

          Although the above use of Present Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and "study" are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.

ADVERB PLACEMENT
         The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:
- You have only seen that movie one time.
- Have you only seen that movie one time?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
- Many tourists have visited that castle. Active
- That castle has been visited by many tourists. Passive

Jumat, 02 November 2012

SIMPLE PAST TENSE, PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

FORM

[VERB+ed] or irregular verbs

Examples:
(+) You called Mita.
(-) Did you call Mita ?
(-) You did not call Mita.

(+) I waited.
(?) Did I wait?
(-) I did not wait.

USE 1 Completed Action in the Past




        Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

Examples:
- I saw a movie yesterday.
- I didn't see a play yesterday.
- Last year, I traveled to Japan.
- Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
- Did you have dinner last night?
- She washed her car.
- He didn't wash his car.

USE 2 A Series of Completed Actions




        We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.

Examples:
- I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
- He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.
- Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs? 

USE 3 Duration in Past




        The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.

Examples:
- I lived in Paris for two years.
- Finna studied Korea for five years.
- They sat at the beach all day.
- They did not stay at the party the entire time.
- We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.
- Sinta : How long did you wait for them?
   Santi : We waited for one hour.

USE 4 Habits in the Past




       The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.

Examples:
- I studied French when I was a child.
- She played the violin.
- He didn't play the piano.
- Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?
- She worked at the movie theater after school.
- They never went to school, they always skipped class.

USE 5 Past Facts or Generalizations




           The Simple Past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true. As in USE 4 above, this use of the Simple Past is quite similar to the expression "used to."

Examples:
- Tuti was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.
- He didn't like tomatoes before.
- Did you live in Texas when you were a kid?
- People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past. 


IMPORTANT When-Clauses Happen First

      Clauses are groups of words which have meaning but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses begin with the word "when" such as "when I dropped my pen..." or "when class began..." These clauses are called when-clauses, and they are very important. The examples below contain when-clauses.
Examples:
- When I paid her one dollar, she answered my question.
- She answered my question when I paid her one dollar.

       When-clauses are important because they always happen first when both clauses are in the Simple Past. Both of the examples above mean the same thing: first, I paid her one dollar, and then, she answered my question. It is not important whether "when I paid her one dollar" is at the beginning of the sentence or at the end of the sentence. However, the example below has a different meaning. First, she answered my question, and then, I paid her one dollar.
Examples:
- I paid her one dollar when she answered my question.


ADVERB PLACEMENT

        The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:
- You just called Dito.
- Did you just call Dito?


ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Examples:
- Tom repaired the car. Active
- The car was repaired by Tom. Passive


PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

FORM

[was/were + present participle]

Examples:
(+)You were studying when she called.
(?) Were you studying when she called?
(-) You were not studying when she called.

(+) I was singing.
(?) Was I singing?
(-) I was not singing.

USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Past




       Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.

Examples:
- I was watching TV when she called.
- When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
- While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
- What were you doing when the earthquake started?
- I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
- You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
- While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.
- Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.
- While I was writing the email, the computer suddenly went off.
- Sammy : What were you doing when you broke your leg?
   Sinta    : I was snowboarding.

USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption



       In USE 1, described above, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter action in the Simple Past. However, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.

Examples:
- Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
- At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.
- Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work. 


IMPORTANT

      In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the action.

Examples:
- Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner.
- I started eating at 6 PM.
- Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
- I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner.

USE 3 Parallel Actions




      When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.

Examples:
- I was studying while he was making dinner.
- While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
- Were you listening while he was talking?
- I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
- What were you doing while you were waiting?
- Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.
- They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.

USE 4 Atmosphere
       In English, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the past.

Example:
          When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.

USE 5 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"




        The Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to" but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."

Examples:
- She was always coming to class late.
- He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
- I didn't like them because they were always complaining.


While vs. When
        Clauses are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses begin with the word "when" such as "when she called" or "when it bit me." Other clauses begin with "while" such as "while she was sleeping" and "while he was surfing." When you talk about things in the past, "when" is most often followed by the verb tense Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed by Past Continuous. "While" expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples below. They have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of the sentence.

Examples:
- I was studying when she called.
- While I was studying, she called.


REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs
         It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Past Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Past.

Examples:
- Jane was being at my house when you arrived. Not Correct
- Jane was at my house when you arrived. Correct


ADVERB PLACEMENT
          The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:
- You were just studying when she called.
- Were you just studying when she called?


ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
- The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store. Active
- The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store. Passive


SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

FORM

[VERB] + s/es in third person

Examples:
(+) You speak English.
(?) Do you speak English?
(-) You do not speak English.


USE 1 Repeated Actions




        Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually does not do.

Examples:
- I play tennis.
- She does not play tennis.
- Does he play tennis?
- The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
- The train does not leave at 9 AM.
- When does the train usually leave?
- She always forgets her purse.
- He never forgets his wallet.
- Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
- Does the Sun circle the Earth?


USE 2 Facts or Generalizations




        The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things.

Examples:
- Cats like milk.
- Birds do not like milk.
- Do pigs like milk?
- California is in America.
- California is not in the United Kingdom.
- Windows are made of glass.
- Windows are not made of wood.
- New York is a small city. It is not important that this fact is untrue.


USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near Future






          Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled events as well.

Examples:
- The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.
- The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.
- When do we board the plane?
- The party starts at 8 o'clock.
- When does class begin tomorrow?


USE 4 Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)




           Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is not happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs.

Examples:
- I am here now.
- She is not here now.
- He needs help right now.
- He does not need help now.
- He has his passport in his hand.
- Do you have your passport with you? 

ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
- You only speak English.
- Do you only speak English?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
- Once a week, Tom cleans the car. Active
- Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. Passive

APPOINTMENT

APPOINTMENT

      Appointment is a kind of expression which is used to conduct an appointment. Expressions We Can Use to Make and Accept an Appointment and  to Cancel an Appointment .

Here are the Examples some expressions we can use to make and accept an appointment.

Making an Appointment
1. Will you pick me up at ….? (example: tomorrow morning 2 p.m.)
2. What if we go ….? (examples: cycling on car free day next Sunday, swimming this afternoon)
3. Will you go out with me ….? (example: tonight)
4. I’ll go to …. (example: your house at 4 p.m.). It’s all right?
5. I’d like to make an appointment with …. (examples: you, him, her)
6. I want to make an appointment to see …. (examples: my dentist, my private teacher)
7. I’d like you to come and see me.
8. Can we meet at …. (examples: Kitchen Restaurant, Aquarius Hotel)
9. Can I come and see you?
10. What about …. (example: tomorrow afternoon at 3 p.m.)

Accepting an Appointment
1. Okay. I’ll be there on time.
2. No problem. I’m free …. (examples: on Sunday, at that day, at that time)
3. Sure, I love it.
4. Good idea.
5. Definitely!
6. All right, see you there.
7. It is a deal.
8. Sure.
9. Why not?


Here are the Examples some expressions we can use to cancel an appointment :

Cancel an Appointment
1. I’m sorry. I can’t meet you today. I have to see my dentist. Can we reschedule?
2. We’re terribly sorry we have to cancel our appointment. Mr. Budi’s flight is delayed for two hours.
3. I’m afraid I have to put off put appointment because I have an urgent business to do.
4. Sorry. I can’t meet you this weekend since I have another appointment.
5. Sorry, I can’t meet you tomorrow. I’m busy at that day.

Examples of Dialogue :

Dialogue

Dika : Ika, do you fancy going for lunch
Ika   : Yeah, why not ?
Dika : Er... after school at Bu Nita's food stall ?
Ika   : Yes!
Dika : See you there then
Ika   : See you

         The sentences in bold are used to make and accept an appointment. In the dialogue, Dika makes an appointment with Ika to have lunch in the Bu Rita's food stall. Then, Ika accepts the invitation by saying, “Yes”.

Jack : Lita, can we talk for a second?
Lita  : Yes, sure. Is there something serious ?
Jack : Yes. In fact I have to cancel our appointment this afternoon. I'm sorry, Lita.
Lita  : That's O.K, Jack.

         The sentences in bold are used to cancel an appointment.




ANNOUNCEMENT, MESSAGES, PERSONAL LETTERS

ANNOUNCEMENT 

     Announcement is something said, written, or printed to make known what has happened or (more often) what will happen.
     An announcement can also say as something that someone says officially, giving information about something.

Characteristic of Announcement :
Use simple present tense or simple future tense often enticement.

In writing an announcement, keep the following points :
 - Opening, The title/type of event
 -  Date/time, place
 - Contact person

We usually find Announcement on television, radio, newspaper, wall magazines, etc.

Example of Announcement :

     English Speech Contest

        For all students of SMAN Englishindo, we announce English Speech Contest..

          Time : Saturday, 22 March 2012
          Place : Hall of SMAN Englishindo

       Each class should register at least one student with one of these following topics :
       The Advantage of Learning English
       The Difficulties of Learning English
       The Effective Ways of Learning English

       For further details, visit our blogsite at Englishindo.com





















 MESSAGES 

     Short Messages are messages  that the sentences is short to convey something to another people, to make the people doing or not doing something.
      We made short messages, because we can not meet that person.

Example of the Messages :

Message

To : Ricky

Ricky, are you free this afternoon ?
If you were, would you come with me to the mall ?
We cold do some window-shopping
How does that sound ?

Dennise


















PERSONAL LETTERS

      A personal letter is a type of letter which provides communication between a small number of people, usually two. We send personal letter to people who have a close relationship with us, such us our friends or our relatives.

Elements of Personal Letters :
- Address of Desender
- Date
- Address of Addressee
- Salutation
- Content of the Letter
- The end of the Letter

Example of Personal Letter :

Jakarta, 15 June, 2005
Risa Sharmanti
Jalan Merak 9, Bandung
Jawa Barat

Dear Risa,

I’d like to thank you for the letter inviting me to see the play next week. I believe the play will be very interesting because some talented actors and actresses will play in it. However, I haven’t made up my mind about that. Now, I’m very busy preparing for my semester test. I hope you will understand. I’ll be happy if you tell me about the play later.
As soon as the test is done, I will visit you. Send my best regards to your parents.

Your sincerely,

Yolanda







GAINING ATTENTION

GAINING ATTENTION

      Gaining attention is a way or expression that is spoken so that other people will pay their attention to what we want to.

The example expression of gaining attention :
- Attention, please
- Look Here!
- May I have your attention, please ?
- Excuse me, look here !
- Listening to me, please
- Waiter?
- I'm sorry,but ......
- Wow really ?
- Look!
- Listen to me, please!
- etc

Mr. Jack : Listen to me students. We will have English Test tomorrow.
                Please study hard to get a perfect score.
Students : Yes. Sir.





GIVING INSTRUCTION

GIVING INSTRUCTION

Giving instruction is an expression that’s used to give instruction for someone to do or not do something.

Giving instruction can be divided as follows:
a).Command
b).To Prohibition 

a.    Command :
a) Verb (+0).Eg : - Watchout !
                            - Come here !!
b) Please + V (+0).Eg : -Please clean your room!
c) V (+0) + Please.Eg :  -Wash this bedroom,please!
d) Would you please to + V(+0).Eg : -Would you please to walt for me??
e) Would you mind + Ving (+0).Eg : I would you mind bringing these boxes……
    Example of Instruction:
Ø  Verb 1.                                                                    
 Example :                                                                                       
 Wash your hand.
                                     
 Eat your meal.

 Sit down

Ø  Be + adjective.
Example :
Be happy.

b. To Prohibition :

a) Don’t  + V (+0).Eg : - Don’t kick him !
b) Please + Don’t + V (+0) Or don’t + V (+O) + Please .
Eg : - Please don’t bother me.
                    - Don’t bother me please.
c) Would you please not to + Verb (+0).
    Eg : Would you please not to bother me ?
d) Would you mind not + Ving (+O)
    Eg : Would you mind not yawning ?

       Example of Prohibition :
Don’t + V-infinitive.:                          No + V-ing.
Examples:                                          Examples :
Don’t armb!                                       No smoking!
Don’t eat!
                                          No swimming!
 Don’t approach! 
                              No parking!